Brokeback Mountain (short story) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"Brokeback Mountain" is a short story by American author Annie Proulx. It was originally published in The New Yorker on October 1. The New Yorker won the National Magazine Award for Fiction for its publication of "Brokeback Mountain" in 1. Proulx won an O. Henry Award prize (third place) for her story in 1. The story was published in a slightly expanded version in Proulx's 1. Close Range: Wyoming Stories. This collection was named a finalist for the 2.
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- Brokeback Mountain is a 2005 American romantic drama film directed by Ang Lee. Adapted from the 1997 short story of the same name by Annie Proulx, the screenplay was written by Diana Ossana and Larry McMurtry. The film stars.
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- 'Brokeback Mountain' is a short story by American author Annie Proulx. It was originally published in The New Yorker on October 13, 1997. The New Yorker won the National Magazine Award for Fiction for its publication of.
Brokeback Mountain DVD 2-Disc Collector's Edition Synopsis. Brokeback Mountain is a sweeping epic that explores the lives of two young men, a ranch hand and a rodeo cowboy, who meet in the summer of 1963 and unexpectedly forge. A beautiful, epic Western, Brokeback Mountain\'s love story is imbued with heartbreaking universality thanks to moving performances by Heath Ledger and Jake Gyllenhaal.
Cast listing, viewer comments and rating, summaries from the screenwriters and the production company, trivia.
Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. Screenwriters Larry Mc.
Murtry and Diana Ossana adapted the story for a film of the same name, released in 2. At that time, the short story and the screenplay were published together, along with essays by Proulx and the screenwriters, as Brokeback Mountain: Story to Screenplay.[1][2] The story was also published separately in book form. This work has also been adapted as an opera by the same name, composed by Charles Wuorinen with a libretto in English by Proulx. It premiered at the Teatro Real in Madrid on January 2.
Synopsis[edit]In 1. Ennis del Mar and Jack Twist, are hired for the summer to look after sheep at a seasonal grazing range on the fictional Brokeback Mountain in Wyoming.
Unexpectedly, they form an intense emotional and sexual attachment, but have to part ways at the end of the summer. Over the next twenty years, as their separate lives play out with marriages, children, and jobs, they continue reuniting for brief liaisons on camping trips in remote settings. Literary form[edit]"Brokeback Mountain" is a story told by an omniscient narrator. The narrative is realistic in tone and employs description, metaphor and dialogue to examine the actions, thoughts, emotions, and motivations of its main characters. The narrative is mostly linear, apart from an introductory prologue (which was accidentally omitted from the initial publication in the New Yorker magazine); the story describes events in sequence from a beginning point in time, the year 1.
Other than the title location, the settings are actual locations in the United States. The characters are described in a naturalistic manner, as people living in a specific milieu.
The story adheres to conventions of modern dramatic fiction; its literary devices serve to present a portrait of recognizable people in familiar situations, without supernatural or metaphysical allusions (while other of the Wyoming Stories do include passages of magical realism). In the two- paragraph prologue, the lead protagonist, Ennis del Mar, awakes in his trailer at some unspecified time beyond the ending of the story.
Over a cup of coffee he reflects on the time in 1. Jack Twist. The main narrative then begins with the description of the two protagonists as they were in 1. They were raised on small, poor ranches in opposite corners of the state, Jack Twist in Lightning Flat, up on the Montana border, Ennis del Mar from around Sage, near the Utah line, both high school drop out country boys with no prospects, brought up to hard work and privation, both rough mannered, rough spoken, inured to the stoic life. From there, the story is an episodic examination of conflicts arising from the characters' interaction with each other and other people in their lives. The story condenses passing years and significant events into brief passages, and employs dialogue to reveal character and conflict. They never talked about the sex, let it happen, at first only in the tent at night, then in the full daylight with the hot sun striking down, and at evening in the fire glow, quick, rough, laughing and snorting, no lack of noises, but saying not a goddamn word except once Ennis said, "I'm not no queer," and Jack jumped in with "Me neither. A one shot thing.
Nobody's business but ours."”Origins[edit]Proulx said she wrote the story based on her own reflections about life in the West. Regarding the setting, Proulx stated: “Rural North America, regional cultures, the images of an ideal and seemingly attainable world the characters cherish in their long views despite the rigid and difficult circumstances of their place and time interest me and are what I write about. I watch for the historical skew between what people have hoped for and who they thought they were and what befell them."[5] She mentioned once noticing a middle- aged man in a bar, who appeared to be watching only the men playing pool, which led her to consider the life of a typical western ranch hand who might be gay. Proulx said her main characters of the two men affected her long after the story was published. The film version rekindled her feelings for them — an attachment that she had previously rejected.
In a 1. 99. 9 interview in The Missouri Review,[7] Proulx said the notion of falling in love with fictional characters was "repugnant". Adaptations[edit]The film Brokeback Mountain (2. Academy Awards (for 2. Best Adapted Screenplay (Mc. Murtry and Ossana), Best Director (Ang Lee), and Best Original Score (Gustavo Santaolalla).
It was nominated for a total of eight awards (the most that year), including Best Picture, Best Actor (Heath Ledger as Ennis), and Best Supporting Actor (Jake Gyllenhaal as Jack). Its loss of Best Picture to Crash was not generally expected, though predicted by some.[8]Charles Wuorinen, a contemporary American composer, became interested in the story, and Proulx wrote the libretto to adapt her work. Their work was commissioned by Mortier of the New York City Opera and they started working together in 2. The work premiered at the Teatro Real in Madrid on 2. January 2. 01. 4.[9][1.
Fan fiction[edit]The film's popularity has inspired numerous viewers to write their own versions of the story and send these to Proulx. In 2. 00. 8, Proulx said she wished she had never written the 1.
The film] is the source of constant irritation in my private life. There are countless people out there who think the story is open range to explore their fantasies and to correct what they see as an unbearably disappointing story.[1. She said the authors, mostly men who claim to "understand men better than I do",[1.
They constantly send ghastly manuscripts and pornish rewrites of the story to me, expecting me to reply with praise and applause for "fixing" the story. They certainly don't get the message that if you can't fix it you've got to stand it."[1. See also[edit]References[edit]^"Brokeback Mountain: Story to Screenplay (Trade Paperback)". Scribner. Retrieved 2. Brokeback Mountain: Story to Screenplay (Hardcover)". Scribner. Retrieved 2. Andrew Clements, "Brokeback Mountain—Review", The Guardian (London), 2.
January 2. 01. 4^Anthony Tommasini, "Operatic Cowboys in Love, Onstage" (Review), The New York Times, 2. January 2. 01. 4^Testa, Matthew (December 7, 2. Exclusive PJH Interview: At close range with Annie Proulx". Planet Jackson Hole. Retrieved 2. 00. 7- 0.
Testa, Matthew (December 2. Close Range". Salt Lake City Weekly. Retrieved 2. 00. 6- 0. Interview with Annie Proulx". The Missouri Review Vol.
XXII, No. 2. 1. 99. Associated Press (7 Feb 2. Can вЂBrokeback Mountain’ survive вЂCrash’?". Retrieved 7 June 2. Andrew Clements, "Brokeback Mountain—Review", The Guardian (London), 2.
January 2. 01. 4^Anthony Tommasini, "Operatic Cowboys in Love, Onstage" (Review), The New York Times, 2. January 2. 01. 4^ ab. Reynolds, Susan Salter (October 1. Writer's no longer at home on range". Los Angeles Times.
Retrieved January 2. Hughes, Robert J. September 6, 2. 00. Return to the Range". The Wall Street Journal.
Retrieved January 2. Further reading[edit].
Brokeback Mountain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Brokeback Mountain is a 2. American romanticdrama film directed by Ang Lee. Adapted from the 1. Annie Proulx, the screenplay was written by Diana Ossana and Larry Mc.
Murtry. The film stars Heath Ledger, Jake Gyllenhaal, Anne Hathaway and Michelle Williams and depicts the complex emotional and sexual relationship between Ledger and Gyllenhaal's characters in the American West from 1. Brokeback Mountain was a commercial and critical success. It won the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival, Best Picture and Best Director at the British Academy Film Awards, Golden Globe Awards, Producers Guild of America Awards, Critics' Choice Movie Awards, and Independent Spirit Awards, among others.
The film was nominated for eight Academy Awards, the most nominations at the 7. Academy Awards, where it won three: Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay, and Best Original Score, while losing Best Picture. In 1. 96. 3, Ennis Del Mar (Heath Ledger) and Jack Twist (Jake Gyllenhaal) are hired by Joe Aguirre (Randy Quaid) to herd his sheep through the summer in the Wyoming mountains. After a night of heavy drinking, Jack makes a pass at Ennis, who is initially reluctant but eventually responds to Jack's advances. Though he informs Jack that it was a one- time incident, they develop a sexual and emotional relationship.
Shortly after learning their summer together is being cut short, they briefly fight and each is bloodied. After Jack and Ennis part ways, Ennis marries his longtime fianc. Г©e Alma Beers (Michelle Williams) and has two daughters with her.
Jack returns the next summer seeking work, but Aguirre, who witnessed Jack and Ennis on the mountain, does not rehire him. Jack moves to Texas, where he meets, marries, and has a son with rodeo rider Lureen Newsome (Anne Hathaway). After four years, Jack visits Ennis. Upon meeting, the two kiss passionately, which Alma accidentally witnesses. Jack broaches the subject of creating a life together on a small ranch, but Ennis, haunted by a childhood memory of the torture and murder of a man suspected of homosexual behavior, refuses. He is also unwilling to abandon his family. Ennis and Jack continue to meet for infrequent fishing trips.
The marriages of both men deteriorate. Lureen abandons the rodeo, going into business with her father and expecting Jack to work in sales. Alma and Ennis eventually divorce in 1. Hearing about Ennis' divorce, Jack drives to Wyoming. He suggests again that they should live together, but Ennis refuses to move away from his children. Jack finds solace with male prostitutes in Mexico.
Ennis sees his family regularly until Alma finally confronts him about her knowing the true nature of his relationship with Jack. This results in a violent argument, causing Ennis to abandon his connections with Alma. Ennis meets and has a brief romantic relationship with Cassie Cartwright (Linda Cardellini), a waitress. Jack and Lureen meet and befriend another couple, Randall and Lashawn Malone. At the end of a regular fishing trip with Jack, Ennis tries to postpone their next meeting.
Jack's frustration erupts into argument, and Ennis blames Jack for being the cause of his own conflicted actions. Jack tries to hold him and there is a brief struggle, but they end up locked in an embrace. Jack watches Ennis drive away. Some time later, Ennis receives a postcard he had sent to Jack, stamped "Deceased". He calls Lureen, who says that Jack died in an accident, when a tire he was changing exploded.
While listening, Ennis imagines Jack being attacked by a gang. Jack's fate is left "deliberately ambiguous".[3] Lureen tells Ennis that Jack wanted to have his ashes scattered on Brokeback Mountain, but she does not know where it is. Ennis travels to meet with Jack's mother and father (Roberta Maxwell and Peter Mc. Robbie), and offers to take Jack's ashes to the mountain.
The father declines, preferring to have them interred in a family plot. Allowed to see Jack's childhood bedroom, Ennis finds the bloodstained shirt he thought he had lost on Brokeback Mountain. He realizes Jack kept it hanging with his own stained shirt from that summer fight. Ennis holds them up to his face, silently weeping. Jack's mother lets him keep the shirts.
Later, 1. 9- year- old Alma Jr. Kate Mara) arrives at Ennis' trailer to tell her father she is engaged. She asks for his blessing and invites him to the wedding.
Ennis asks her if her fianc. Г© really loves her and she replies "yes". After Alma leaves, Ennis goes to his closet, where his and Jack's shirts hang together, with a postcard of Brokeback Mountain tacked above. He stares at the ensemble for a moment, tears in his eyes, and murmurs, "Jack, I swear.."Production[edit]Gus Van Sant tried to adapt Proulx's story as a film, hoping to cast Matt Damon as Ennis and Joaquin Phoenix as Jack. Matt Damon, who previously worked with Van Sant on Good Will Hunting, told the director, "Gus, I did a gay movie (The Talented Mr. Ripley), then a cowboy movie (All the Pretty Horses).
I can't follow it up with a gay- cowboy movie!"[4] Van Sant went on to make the biographical film Milk, based on the life of gay rights activist and politician Harvey Milk. Joel Schumacher was also linked with the project prior to Lee's involvement.[5]When Ang Lee first became aware of the story and screenplay he tried to get the film made as an independent producer.[5] However, this didn't work out and before Lee was to take a break after finishing Hulk he got into contact with co- screenwriter and CEO of Focus Features, James Schamus to ask if the film was ever made.[6] Ang Lee was considering retirement after Hulk. In an interview with OUT Magazine he described himself "wrecked" after filming both Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and Hulk.
Brokeback Mountain "nurtured" him back into filmmaking".[7]Mark Wahlberg reportedly declined the starring role, saying he turned down the opportunity because he was "a little creeped out" by the homosexual themes and sex scene.[8] The casting of Heath Ledger and Jake Gyllenhaal was announced in 2. Anne Hathaway stated that during her audition, she lied to Ang Lee about her knowledge of horse riding so that he would cast her.[1. Subsequently, she took horse- riding lessons for two months.[1.
While the film is set in Wyoming (as in the original story), it was filmed almost entirely in the Canadian Rockies in southern Alberta. Lee was given a tour of the locations in the story in Wyoming by Proulx but chose to shoot in Canada due to financial reasons.[6] The fictional "Brokeback Mountain" was named to suggest a physical feature, after a term used for a swaybacked horse or mule.[1. The mountain featured in the film is a composite of Mount Lougheed south of the town of Canmore and Fortress and Moose Mountain in Kananaskis Country.[1.
The campsites were filmed at Goat Creek, Upper Kananaskis Lake, Elbow Falls and Canyon Creek, also in Alberta. Other scenes were filmed in Cowley, Fort Macleod,[1. Calgary. The film was shot during the summer of 2.
Proulx has praised the faithfulness of the adaptation of her story as a feature film. Before the movie was made, she described Mc. Murtry and Ossana's adaptation as "an exceptionally fine screenplay." Later, she praised the film as "huge and powerful," writing that she was "knocked for a loop" when she first saw it. I may be the first writer in America to have a piece of writing make its way to the screen whole and entire," she said. And, when I saw the film for the first time, I was astonished that the characters of Jack and Ennis came surging into my mind again.. Box office success[edit]Brokeback Mountain cost about US$1. According to interviews with the filmmakers, Focus Features was able to recoup its production costs early on by selling overseas rights to the film.
The film saw limited release in the United States on December 9, 2. New York City, Los Angeles, and San Francisco), taking $5. Over the Christmas weekend, Brokeback Mountain posted the highest per- theater gross of any film and was considered a box office success not only in urban centers such as New York City and Los Angeles, but also in suburban theaters near Portland, Houston, Chicago, Dallas, Denver, and Atlanta. On January 6, 2. 00. January 1. 3, 2. 00.
Focus Features, the film's distributor, opened Brokeback in nearly 7. North American cinemas as part of its ongoing expansion strategy for the film. On January 2. 0, the film opened in 1,1.
North America; it opened in 1,6. January 2. 7 and in 2,0. February 3, its widest release. The film's theatrical run lasted for 1. North America and $9. It is the top- grossing release of Focus Features, it ranks fifth among the highest- grossing westerns (since 1. Brokeback Mountain was released in London on December 3.
United Kingdom on January 6, 2. On January 1. 1, Time Out London magazine reported that Brokeback was the number one film in the city, a position it held for three weeks.[citation needed]The film was released in France on January 1. In its first week of release, Brokeback Mountain was in third place at the French box office, with 2.
France that week. One month later, it reached more than one million viewers (more than 1,2. March 1. 8), with still 1. Released in Italy on January 2. Brokeback was released in Australia on January 2. Most of the Australian critics praised the film.[1. Brokeback was released in many other countries during the first three months of 2.
During its first week of release, Brokeback was in first place in Hong Kong's box office, with more than US$4. Brokeback Mountain was the highest- grossing film in the U.
S. from January 1. January 1. 9, 2. 00. Golden Globes on January 1. Indeed, the film was one of the top five highest- grossing films in the U. S. every day from January 1.
January 2. 8, including over the weekend (when more people go to the films and big- budget films usually crowd out independent films from the top- grossing list) of January 2.